Salinization of Agricultural Soils from Irrigation Practices in Uzbekistan

Abstract

Uzbekistan, a landlocked country with an arid climate, relies heavily on irrigation to sustain its agriculture, particularly in cotton and wheat farming. However, prolonged use of inefficient irrigation systems, combined with poor drainage, has led to widespread soil salinization—especially in the Syr Darya and Amu Darya river basins. This article examines the causes, extent, and environmental consequences of secondary soil salinization in Uzbekistan. Based on multi-year field studies and satellite data, we explore salinity's impact on soil productivity, regional food security, and sustainable land use. The findings indicate an urgent need for drainage reform, precision irrigation, and salt-tolerant crops.